Learning Objectives and Clinical Implications
- Understand the virology, transmission, and clinical presentation of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV), and Human Papillomavirus (HPV).
Differentiate between primary and recurrent infections of HSV and VZV, and recognize characteristic skin manifestations such as herpes labialis, chickenpox, herpes zoster, and warts.
Identify diagnostic tools like Tzanck smear, PCR, and serology that aid in confirming viral SSTIs, especially in clinical or resource-limited settings.
Describe current management strategies including antiviral therapies (e.g., acyclovir, valacyclovir) and supportive care for each of these infections.
Recognize complications such as disseminated zoster in immunocompromised individuals and the potential for malignant transformation in HPV-related lesions.
Appreciate the importance of vaccination in prevention—particularly varicella vaccine to reduce chickenpox and herpes zoster, and HPV vaccine to prevent genital warts and cervical cancer.
Emphasize the significance of early clinical recognition and timely intervention to prevent complications and reduce disease burden. Highlight the need for patient counseling on disease transmission, recurrence risk, and sexual health education, especially in the context of HSV and HPV infections.