Learning Objectives – Session 2: Hypersensitivity Reactions

By the end of this session, the student should be able to:

1. Classify the four types of hypersensitivity reactions (Type I–IV) with examples.

2. Describe the immunological mechanisms underlying each type of hypersensitivity.

3. Differentiate between immediate and delayed hypersensitivity responses.

4. Explain the pathophysiology of Type I hypersensitivity, including the roles of IgE, mast cells, and mediators like histamine.

5. Outline the mechanisms and clinical relevance of Type II (cytotoxic), Type III (immune complex-mediated), and Type IV (cell-mediated) hypersensitivity.

6. Identify common clinical conditions associated with each type of hypersensitivity (e.g., anaphylaxis, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, serum sickness, contact dermatitis).

7. Discuss the diagnostic approaches and tests used to evaluate hypersensitivity (e.g., skin prick test, Coombs test).

8. Review the principles of prevention and management of hypersensitivity reactions.